Its already been 8 years!,
Lets Talk All About Time

Midnight!

Big clocks go tick tack, tick tack
Small clocks go ticke tacke, ticke tacke
And cell phones go...
There clocks vibrate at to high frequency
Ticking constantly to divide seconds equally
Accuracy and consistency is their greatest superpower
60 seconds in a minute, 60 minutes in an hour
60 hours in a day, wait no 24, hey!
Why 60, what's its lore?
I wish I had time to explore and get to its core
Astro can you help me with my homework please?
I've been trying for a while, but instead I got brain freeze
A while? Come on be more precise
Specifying it in moments days or fortnights would be nice
Moments, how is that precise?
I'm a computer, I only take digital inputs in exchange for advice
Ok ok, I have this essay to write, its due tonight
but I fear I have no idea.
What's it about?
Optimization, optimization of time and space
Algorithm efficiency and saving memory
No, no, its for an english class
O right, ok thats easy, just write about calendars, clocks, number systems, and mabe throw in some relativity and quantum theory...
If your so smart then give me some wisdom
Why does time use a base 60s system?
And is time really relative, like what is that all about
cus I have some doubt
Also, why is December month number 10, if there are 12 of them
Slow down, I'll overheat and become obsolete
I only take one input at a time
Ok fine, your right we're wasting time, so what should I write?
For ideas to come into sight, we might have to take a little detour before we write.
Put on your watch and i'll generate the teleporter to rev time up a notch
Tiiiimmmmeee

1AM!

To solve your mystery, lets start with a bit of history
The most famous time keeping tool
is probably the sundial
It's a genius work of math, its really cool
Only problem is its inaccurate if moved even just a mile
Ever wondered why modern clocks spin clockwise?
Well, the sundials shadows are wise
Sitting in the garden, among the flowers
it counts the hours
by measuring the movement of the sun
With simple sticks tracking shadows it begun
Over the ages they evolved
until the right equations where solved
Optimizing for accuracy locally
They come in many shapes and sizes
A plate and a stick called gnomon it comprises
There are many types
Equatorial ones have equally spaced stripes
because it has a tilted plate
and the gnomon aligned with the equator is straight
Vertical and horizontal on the other hand
have there gnomon to be a triangular stand
Analematic dials have the shadow point to dots
But depending on the season the gnomon has to stand at different spots
Polar dials have the gnomon and the hour lines all parallel
and its plate is parallel to the earths axis as well
For all these dials, alignment is key
Only then, accuracy they guarantee
Sitting in the garden, among the flowers
it counts the hours
It might look like a triangle on a disk
or an obelisk
That's a tall tower
Like a stick casting shadows to tell the hour
Sitting in the garden, among the flowers
it counts the hours
all day and all night
All night?
Yes thats right
at night it's a moon dial
Never heard of it?
That's cus it only works once in a while
On full moon to be exact, aoooo
Over the course of its orbit
the moon rises 50min later every day
making it fully appear and then fade away
The moon dial plays the same ballet
Gaining accuracy by 50min everyday
As in the sky from the sun it moves away
Until it's fully filled, shining bright
accurate for one night
Sitting in the garden under the stars
it counts the hours
and day by day
the accuracy goes away
As in the sky it moves closer to the sun again

2AM!

Sun and moon tell time by dancing ballet
Day and night they dance away
But there are other methods too
To measure short periods of time
constancy and periodicity is the rhyme
Day or night, you can use candle light
Markings on its side burn away
as it melts and shrinks throughout night or day
But thats not the only other way
To measure short periods of time
constancy and periodicity is the rhyme
Incense clocks smelling pleasantly
use math and chemistry
To burn exact amounts
inside the box there are routes
of precise length for the powder to burn
burn burn burn away
Or you can form the mix into sticks
that burn like the candle markings
To measure short periods of time
constancy and periodicity is the prime rhyme
By using 2 buckets you'll discover
you can count time with water running
drip drip dripn from one into the other
similar to an hour glass
there's something drip drip dripn down the flask
drip drip dripn periodically, constantly
To measure short periods of time
constancy and periodicity is the rhyme
Why are you telling me this, my essays not about time keeping
be patient, eventually you'll find what you're seeking

3AM!

Witching hour, no need to cower
Some say its actually at midnight, people get lots of fright
But maybe witches ghosts and knights are just flying kits
Starting the day at midnight, (Electric megabite)
Is a modern invention, (Right ascension)
Starting the the day at sunrise, (Extra fries)
Is logical, (Cosmological, Ecological)
6hours later noon, (Buy a ballon)
6hours after that sunset, (Flying in a jet and eating bagette)
These hours are seasonal hours, (Do you take cold showers)
They dont have the same length, (Magnetic field strength)
It's only with the mechanical clock, (Lets play some rock)
That hours became constant, (Letters to a correspondent)
Starting at noon is practical in astronomy, (Great gastronomy)
Because local noon can be measured accurately, (Not like the economy)
But it only works locally, (Animal taxonomy)
You can also start after twilight, (Snow white)
1/2 an hour after sunset, (You wont regret)
It's called Italian six hour time, (Play with slime)
It has 4 times 6 constant hours, (Castle towers)
So you see, (Nice tree)
You can start at any time of day, (Jump in hay)
When its bright or dark and gray, (Led display)
And hours dont need constancy, (Its a bit like botany)
3am is almost over, (I found a 4 leaf clover)
So lets fly some kites with witches, ghosts and knights

4AM!

Alright lets talk calendars
The ancient Egyptian calendar aligns with the flooding of the Nile
which makes the shores more fertile
This happens to align
Align with the rising of Sirius
The brightest star in the sky back on the east horizon line
365days
3 seasons with each 120days
That makes 360+5 leap days
A 6th leap day would have been needed
Needed every few years, once in a while
So the alignments dont part ways
But this was only implemented later
Later when the Romans took over
Took over and mandated it
Each season had 4 month of 30days
Each month divided into 3times 10 days
Called decans
36 groups of stars
Divide the ecliptic into 360 degrees
36 parts of 10 degrees
36 groups of stars, called decans
A new one on the horizon
Every 10 days, in the eastern sky
This will sound familiar, you know why?
36 groups of stars
Group them into 12 groups of 3
Then you get aries, taurus, gemini...
it's the zodiac!

5AM!

Other cultures used the stars too oooo
The Mayans had a base 20 system
several different calendars, aaars
and lots of astronomy wisdom
The haab, tzolkin, long count and calendar round
are the calendars that have been found
Haab has 18 month of 20 days da da days
Total of 3 hundred sixty five
Its solar but drifts, driiiifts
over the seasons despite an extra month of five
but they are every year so they dont leap leap leap
dont keep the alignment alive
The haab, tzolkin, long count and calendar round
are the calendars that have been found
Tzolkin has 2 hundred sixty da da days
20 month of 13 each
2 thouthand 8 hundred eighty thousand days
da da days is what long count can reach
That's a total of 7 thousand 8 hundred eighty five iiive years
The haab, tzolkin, long count and calendar round
are the calendars that have been found
By combining haab and tzolkin
the calendar round can be found
It's a long drive
18 thousand 9 hundred 80 unique combinations to be exact
18 thousand 9 hundred 80 unique da da days
Sounds a bit abstract
well it's ruffly 52 years
Not quite as looong as the long count
but still a long drive

6AM!

I could go on and on, explain every calendar
but there are only 3 main types, lunar, solar, and lunisolar
Lunar calendars only follow the moon
not the seasons, so it falls out of tune
It requires no writing
just a moon sighting
The phase tells you
Tells you what day of the month it is
No complicated analysis
No writing, no math required, if the moon is hired
Its easy simple genius
The phase tells you
Tells you what day of the month it is
The arabic calendar is lunar
Making their year end a little sooner
It has 12 month, 354 days a year
since 29.5*12=354 incase that was'nt clear
A lunar orbit on average has 29.5 days
Earth orbit does not fit a full amount of cycles of the moons phase
That's the reason for the month's change of season
Relying solely on the moon, makes things fall out of tune
But it requires no writing, just a moon sighting
The phase tells you

7AM!

Next up solar
Hey, that rhymes with polar
Sorry but it's time to do your homework you see
Every second that you spent
on useless nonsense is something you should prevent
Who are you interrupting the story?
Who? Me?
I did'nt know I had to introduce myself
I'm the time keeping elf
I make sure time is'nt wasted
And over here I can taste it
In other words, I dont want to do any harm, but I'm your alarm
wasting, means that time is gone!
Moving on
Many calendars are solar
They keep in line with the season
Agriculture's the reason
Month mus'nt run run run
Run out of tune
Need to seed on time cus winter rolls around real soon
But seed to early
and the frost makes the leaves all wilted and curly
Seed at the wrong time and the frost will take it all
no matter if spring or fall
So how to keep track of it all?
Stars
Remember the Egyptian calendar?, Its solar
Solar just means follow the seasons
Thats why so many calendars are solar
There are not a million reasons
Agriculture's the one
Egytian, Mayan, Armenian, Ethiopian, the list goes on and on
So pretty much any culture with agriculture
Has a calendar thats solar
That's right
well not quite
Look, I'm trying to be nice, do I really have to tell you twice?

8AM!

The lunisolar calendar
combines lunar and solar
Many cultures used it
Only problem is they are not a nice fit
You either have 12 months and a bit
or 13 but then you overshoot
Buddhist, Hindu, Chinese, Hebrew
The Hindus started there clocks
on the spring equinox
had month of 30days divided into fortnights
based on the moon light
as it waxes and wains
they added a leap month every 32 or 33 months which maintains
the alignment of sun and moon
The Chinese on the other had start there clocks
at the new moon
closest to the midpoint between winter solstice and spring equinox
They have 7 leap month in 19years
because 29.5x+354.3y=365.25y
29.5x is the days per moon cycle
354.3y is the number of days in 12 lunar cycles
and 365.25y is the number of days in a year
and solving the equation gives a nice clean fraction
x/y=7/19
The Buddhist calendar ...
Hold on is the Gregorian calendar lunisolar?

9AM!

The modern calendar, is only solar, not lunisolar
Used worldwide
Called Gregorian, named after the pope who applied it
But I'm getting ahead of myself
Hold on it's a wild ride
It starts with the Romans
at the time of Rumulus, the first roman emperor
Some historians say the calendar had 10 months of 30 or 31 days
with a total of 304 days
Wait what?
61days unaccounted for when its colder temperature
Then emperor Numa Pompilius came along
and advised the calendar to be revised
12 months of 29 days
Except for February which had 28
So in total 347 days
That's still not a full year!
Other historians say
This makes no sense, there's just no way
Rumulus's calendar had 12 month of varying length
Numa pompelius simply standardized
Standardized the month
and moved the start from March to January
That's why December
December is not the 12th but the 10th month
No one knows what really happened,(what really happened)
but anyway
Then we had the Julian calendar
which fixed new year to January first
Later the church would try
to change that to the first of advent
But that idea would quickly die
cus it's hard to change peoples style
So the Julian calendar fixed things up
Ok not quite
365 days yes
12 months, 30, 31 or 28 days each
a leap day every 4 years
every single 4 years
That's great what's wrong?
Things went well for a while
for a little over a thousand years
A thousand years
But by that time
Easter had drifted, drifted so much
That the pope decided to have things revised
The Julian calendar was analyzed
and an exception was devised
If the year is devisible by 100 but not 400 its not a leap year
To recalibrate, To remove the accumulated excess leap days
the church removed a few, its true
10 days in October 1582
Now the calendar does not drift, Unless
Unless there's something we've missed
in which case the seasons would shift
But there's no concern you can go back to your homework now...

10AM!

This was all nice and fun but none of your homework's been done
And waisting time is a crime!
Ok ok one last thing
Well you'd better hurry cus I'm about to break out in a fury
Why have a 7 day week?
Egyptians had 10, Romans had 8
Your homeworks gonna be late
Ok ok, wait
Why did 7 stick around?
Sunday, monday, tuesday, wednesday, thursday, friday, saturday
O great, I HATE pesky children making me wait
Sun, moon, Mars, Mercury, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn
The 7 wonderers of the sky
The 7 bright stars that move differently from the others there up high
People in Babylonia a long time ago
decided that these 7 had a godly glow
Each in power for one hour
Starting from slowest to fastest
(Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Sun ,Venus, Mercury, Moon)
From slowest to fastest
The first hour of each day becomes
Saturday, sunday, monday, tuesday, wednesday, thursday, friday
Samedi, dimanch, lundi, mardi, mercredi, jeudi, vendredi
Thats french for
Saturday, sunday, monday, tuesday, wednesday, thursday, friday
Some names where replaced
Replaced with local taste
Local gods instead of roman ones
Which the planets are named after
Monday, tuesday, wednesday, thursday, friday, saturday, sunday

11AM!

7days in a week
24 hours in a day
60minutes in an hour
60 seconds in a minute
I dont think I can be any kinder
Do you REALLY need a reminder?
Let me finish, where was I?
You're gonna make me cry
60 seconds in a minute
60 moments in...
Wait no
How long is a moment?
One moment, I need interrupt so you can go back to your...
Nowadays, it's an undefined amount of time
Its seconds, its minutes, its whatever you make of the rhyme
But actually a moment is 90seconds
O great...
Who would reckon
I bet you a dime
It's a medieval unit of time
There are 40 moments in an hour
7 days in a week
24hours in a day
60, wait why 60?
Fingers can be used for 10 and 12
Adding toes you can delve
Into the Mayans base 20 system
Computers hold great wisdom
by using binary grouped into 8
exploiting 2 ^exponent, Its great
Nowadays, we use base 10 because you just move the coma to divide by 10
So why split the time into 60 then?
Well you see
12, 24 and even 60 can be used fraction free
12 is divisible without rest
by 1,2,3,4 and 6
24 also passes the test
1,2,3,4,6,8,12 you get the idea
10 and 20 dont do that so nicely I fear
That's why its 7 days in a week
24hours in a day
60 minutes in and hour
60 seconds in a minute
90 seconds in a moment
Ttiiiimmmeeee

Noon! (12 o'clock)

Base 60 is used today, but it's not always been that way
For base 10 time, there are decimal clocks
In the 18hundreds, French revolution knocks
Out with the old in with the new, new clocks
Revolution
Switching out the gearbox
24 is now 10, 10 hours in a day, tops
60minutes are 100 on decimal clocks
Revolution
Easy conversion powers
If everything is in same blocks
Decimal minutes to decimal hours
Lets say three o five o'clock, Spell unlocks
Its three point o five hours, Superpowers
Easy peasy, not with normal clocks
Revolution
Only problem is
It's hard to convert
Convert between the old and the new
You see, 1 o'clock decimal is 2:24 o'clock normal time
There are 60*60*24=86400seconds in a day
but in decimal there are 100*100*10-100 000 decimal seconds
So can't just divide normal time by 60
That just gives decimal notation
Not decimal time
Conversions not an easy rhyme
Need to convert everything to seconds
Convert seconds
Then put into hours
Calculator please
Revolution
That's why it did not last
Shortly after revolution it was outcast
Ttiiiimmmeeee

1PM! (13 o'clock)

Decimal clocks are found in French revolution
Sundials are found tanning in the sun
Tide clocks are found at the coast
Tide clocks are like normal clocks, Ok only almost
They have 12h 25 min instead of 12
Confused?
The moon rises 50min later every day
Roughly anyway
6 o'clock, low tide
Noon(or midnight), high tide
Approximately
Roughly
They dont measure the true water height change
They are like normal clocks
Just they measure a period of 12.25h instead of 12hours
No special mechanisms, no magic powers
Just a clock with a different dial and ticking cycle
Cus 12h25min is the average
Between 2 high or 2 low tides
Its an average so in reality it slides
Due to the moons elliptical orbit
the shape of the coast
and other variations
Depending on seasons and locations
the time and height varies slightly
Atlantic is smaller than Pacific
so tide clocks are more precise
And tides always happen twice
on the Atlantic
Pacific is so big
Moon cant displace all that water at the same time
Even when the moon is close, when it's in its prime
Some places only have 1 tide a day
Cus sun and moon and shape of the coastline
Makes one of the tides cancel out
So ya, that's what its all about
Tide clocks give you a rough idea when the tide will be
and you've waisted precious time

2PM! (14 o'clock)

Let's take a break and have some cake
You want thyme tea?
Thyme with h-y instead of i
It's a plant, a herb to be exact
You can use its flowers, leaves and oil extract
the oil, leaves and flowers have medicinal powers
Flower powers nonsense, instead count the hours
To many people use it as a spice
Add a second here add a second there, add a second everywhere
Procrastination!
Just eat your slice and role the dice
You can use it fresh or dry
But if you use too much you're gonna fry
So, in case you did'nt know, you've got to go
You say you've got all day
I hate to break it to you, but you still got homework to do
You could be freed if you followed my lead
There once was a time when people toke there time
Sweet time
Stop me if this sounds familiar
They took there time, sweet time
And nothing got done
Well you might say no problem I let others do it
Well others didnt see fit
why cant they to take there time, sweet time
So nothing got done
So you think they had peace of mind, but actually
they had nothing at all
No passion, No love
If your not productive you are nothing
Worthless nothingness
That's what happens when you take your time, sweet time
Will you let your time run run run out!
Or will you use it wisely
It's your choice, nothingness or worthiness?
It's your choice, I'm just warning you
So you better watch out, you better not cry cus I tolled you why
Hey thats my watch
I dont know I've got some doubt
I'm pretty sure you showed up here without
Not true!
I'm afraid you havent thought this through
Astro is mine, all mine
Time is mine, sweet time
Come I'll show you a thing or two
This was so easy to do, your so benign

3PM! (15 o'clock)

Tttiiimmee
tick tick tick
Big clocks go tick tack, tick tack
Small clocks go ticke tacke ticke tacke
Tttiiimmee
The mechanical clock
Wrist watch pocket watch
grandfather clocks
All have an oooscillllationg mechanism
With a beautiful arrangement of gears in a pretty box
Made to count constant periods of time, constant time blocks
tick tick tick
The mechanical clock
With the help of the train it standardized time
GMT Greenwich Mean Time
Hey, stop imitating me
Before the train
every village had its own time(wow insane)
Because noon is the moment of the day
when shadows are at there shortest for the day
and the sun is highest in the sky
Since earth is round this time varies locally
Which is why
at every hill and valley a different schedule would have been needed
Confusing!
For passengers yes
But mostly for rail traffic controllers
Converting
Converting between local times to avoid collision
Converting nightmare(heard of the Gimli Glider?)
With the trains high speed there was a real need
for a standard universal time
GMT(Greenwich Mean Time)
Modern time zones are all offsets of GMT
First it started at noon
because the sun passes the meridian at noon
It was replaced pretty soon because it was out of tune
with everyone else, whose day starts at midnight
So UT1(Universal Time) came to light
But the name GMT stuck around(GMT)
Then GMT was replaced again with UTC(Coordinate Universal Time)
The acronym does'nt match
That's cus its a compromise between english and french(franglais)
UTC and GMT are the same, well not really
GMT is the average(mean)
meantime between 2 sun crossings of the meridian at green
Greenwich royal observatory
Hey, dont steal the glory, I'm telling the story
GMT is based on astronomy
While UTC is based on atomic clocks(that rocks)
TAI(Temps Atomique International)precise and sublime
French for international atomic time
Every TAI day has 86400 seconds, constant length
But earth slows down(blame the moon), so a day has no constant length
So UTC adds leap seconds to stay in line
with Greenwich Mean Time
Modern time zones are all offsets of GMT, well UTC technically
The name GMT stuck around(GMT)

4PM! (16 o'clock)

That was nice and all, but I've had enough of your imitation
So many acronyms, its time for an acronym round up
GMT(Greenwich Mean Time)
It starts at noon when its local noon at Greenwich
Next we have UT1(Universal Time)
Its GMT +12h so it starts at midnight
By the way nowadays UT1 is measured by the stars
(its more precise)
Stars crossing the Greenwich meridian
like GMT, UT1 is an average(mean)
UT0 is not adjusted
UT1 has polar motion adjustment
Earth rotation is eccentric
UT2 is also adjusted for seasonal variations
Changes in Earths mass distribution due to changes in weather and vegetation
Next we have UTC(Coordinate Universal Time)
Based on atomic clocks+leap seconds
Leap seconds to keep in line with UT1
Not UT2 because its to smoothed out so UT1 is closer to Earth's real time
Now UT1 and UTC are commonly called GMT, the name stuck aground(GMT)
Next ...
This is great instead of making us late
your talking fast but i'm afraid this wont last
We should move on to not waist time, plus this stuff doesn't even rhyme
As I was saying
Next DST(Daylight Saving Time), it messed everything up
Next up AST(Apparent Solar Time)
Sundials measure it
It starts when the sun is back in the same spot
Same spot in the sky
It varies slightly from day to day, you know why
Cus Earth's orbit is an ellipse
Next we have MST(Mean Solar Time)
Its GMT but more general
GMT and UT1 are MST at Greenwich
Next up TAI(Temps Atomique International)
In this system a day has constant length(86400 seconds)
Measured by sending a specific frequency of light
at a specific type of atom(usually calcium)
the atom absorbs the light best at that specific frequency
The ticking is the crests and troughs of that light wave frequency you see
Next up GPS(Global Positioning System)
or GNSS(Global Navigation Satellite System) if you want it more generally
GPS time is UTC on January 6th 1980
and then from there counted like TAI
TAI is 19 seconds ahead of GPS
since GPS started later than TAI
TAI came about in 1955
TAI is ahead because Earth slows down, so UTC has leap seconds added
Earth's day gets longer so TAI is faster since it's older than GPS
GPS is a navigation system
By satellites sending there time to a GPS device
and the difference due to distance difference
Allows to triangulate the position
We could go on and on, explain every phenomenon
But its getting late, the song must go on
Maybe your right, I do need to get back to homework
So, give me back my watch

5PM! (17 o'clock)

Dont worry it's fine
keep wasting time, anyhow, Astro is mine
So, I have other plans now
As I was saying
Tttiiimmee
tick tick tick
The mechanical clock
A beautiful arrangement of gears in a pretty box
or in a tour
ringing bells at the full hour
Lets turn back the pages, start from the top
In the middle ages
Bells where rung based on the position of the sun
Sunrise, sunset, the mechanical clock wasn't invented yet
It came about with the invention of the escapement
A mechanical linkage that ticking clocks cant work without
Looks like a rod with two hooks
Attached to the mechanism of oscillation
to do the periodic movement translation to the gears
This is done by the hooks rocking back and forth
back and forth
tick tack tick tack
The mechanical clock
continued to be tweaked and refined clock by clock
But real progress was made
when ships made long voyages for war and trade
The thing was
Europeans needed to measure longitude because
to know where to go, you need to know how far you've gone
To measure longitude you need local time and GMT
The first can be done easily by observing the sun and stars successfully
But for the later, sailors needed something greater
GMT is the reference, so accurate english time was not just a preference
Many tried to make clocks that stayed accurate at sea
but one guy in particular used carpentry
Not carpets, wood
This meant less lubrication and it could
thanks to the incorporation of different metals
withstand temperature changes without going on vacation
He built several iterations that would strive
h1,h2,h3,h4,h5
From there clocks and eventually the watch
became highly used and top notch
Now they are battery powered and the market has flowered
They come in all shapes and sizes
and are in lots of different devices
but my favorite of all is not well known nor is it big or tall
It doesn't waist time on showing the time
Then again maybe that is a crime
It ticks only every 20 seconds
and has no second hand
This allows its battery life to greatly expand
So there you have it, mechanical clocks
a beautiful arrangement of gears in a pretty box But now I have something greater
Astro will be my infinite time maker
for real, not just on paper
But anyway, see you later
Hey, wait, you cant change time, time is constant

6PM! (18 o'clock)

Time, time is constant, ticking away constantly
tick tick ticking at a constant pace, constantly
But then Einstein came along and made time relative
I know it's a relatively new concept
but its cus of the constancy of the speed of light
It all started with Maxwells equations(Maxwells equations)
Equations where speed of light needed to be constant
To come up with an explanation for this
ether was invented(the medium of light)
causing the non constancy of C(the speed of light)
Have you seen it? it was never found
So Einstein scraped the idea
and went with the constancy of C
But speed is space per time
If speed is constant then
the other 2 variables need to beable to change
Change relative to each other
so time is relative(reeelative)
Relative to the observer, tiiiimmmee, the 4th dimension
However quantum physics came along(plot twist)
Well, you know, this is all relatively nice but
I'm afraid we need constant time(constant time)
cus the past of a particle is fixed(can't change)
While the future is open, open to change(change)
Open to all possibility(all at once)
Schrödingers cat is both, both dead and alive(both)
Until you open the box, then its fate is sealed
It is revealed, revealed if its dead or alive
In this multiverse anyway(dead or alive)
dead or alive not both, only one(only one)
Once its revealed you cant go back, back in time(time)
The problem of time
In general relativity time is relative
relative to the observer
You can time travel, if you go fast
You can spill your coffee once
but it happened at 2 different times
since 2 observes wont agree
wont agree on when you spilled your coffee
But in quantum mechanics the point, point in time
when the box is opened is the same for all(all)
because its fate cant be both, both sealed and unsealed
The problem of time
ttiiiimmmee

7PM! (19 o'clock)

19 o'clock sharp
Careful dont cut yourself
19 o'clock? Hey, where did you go? oooo noooooooo
I've got to find him and save Astro
I see the bad guy
get into a bus from the corner of my eye
No time to waist, I've got to go
Got to run run run, catch that bus
run run run to the bus, run run run
I dont want to make a fuss but I've got to catch that bus
So much to do, to get done, run run run
It's getting late no time to wait
run run run
run catch the bus
Time is ticking away, so much still to do today
Tonight
Time ticking fast, the day is more then half past, I know today wont last
Got to run run run, got to get the job done
Living fast, living slow, I dont have time, I've got to go
I dont have time, I have a deadline
Got a million things to do
Write this, do that, grow up
dont forget to show up
Do this do that, got to run run run, got to get the job done
Time is money, time is precious, run run running out of time
Fast approaching deadline
There's a million things I havent done
Time ticking away, so much that I still want to do today
Got to go, got to figure this out solo
Got to run run run, got to save Astroooooo
....
Day light fades into night
Streetlight shinning bright
Bus is gone out of sight
What now? How to save Astro? How to get home?
I cant even do my homework now
I'm stuck here
Dont panic, no fear
he's only got the watch, Astro is still home
But home is unreachable, unachievable
And my homework will be late
I'm stuck in time
Lost
Lost in time
So, what now? How to find Astro? How to get home?
(Meow)
Fate is sealed, bus is gone
Time is gone, We reached the end
(the end of what?)
The end of... (The arrow of time)

8PM! (20 o'clock)

(the arrow of time)
Entropy?
(the arrow of time)
A measure of randomness
(the arrow of time)
Things are more likely to spread out
(randomness)
than to stay in one spot
(the arrow of time)
because things spread out
(the arrow of time)
heat dissipates
(the arrow of time)
order becomes random
(the arrow of time)
In an isolated system entropy can only increase
(thats why it's the arrow of time)
because to make randomness into order
energy is needed(energy is needed)
But isolated systems dont get more energy
(they are isolated)
That's why it's the arrow of time(the arrow of time)
Entropy the measure of time
(the arrow of tiiiimmee)
And thats how I will find Astro, entropy show me the way

9PM! (21 o'clock)

ttiiiimmmee
The arrow of time
Enjoy the moment, take it slow
Embrace the time constant whoo
tick tick ticking at a constant pace constantly
Stop it! No, I mean tao
No not torque,tao
the electrical time constant, wow
We capacitors and our friend inductors, we dont like change
We want things to stay in the same range
We dont like change
If suddenly abruptly the voltage changes
We cant change the external changes
But we decide how we change
Your feet dont have to go to the beat
If voltage drops you discharge slow
If voltage shoots up you decide how fast you grow
Rushing is compelling but you've been mislead
Even inductors take it slow but with current instead
Since they are a long wire
where electrons in a traffic jam cant just speed up higher
But dont inductors throw voltage tantrums?
That's what diode teddy bears are for
Instead of open circuit with infinite resistance at the door
They lower the resistance so the current can flow more
And with V=IR the voltage does not do a crazy encore
We dont like change
We want things to stay in the same range
Tao is the time it takes for us to adapt to change
to 1/e of the lowest low, or 1-1/e of the highest high, whoo
We capacitors and inductors we take it slow
We are not in a hurry to change or go
So take a break, take a break
Enjoy the edge of the arrow of time, The arrow of time
But I have to find Astro
your never satisfied

10PM! (22 o'clock)

Out of time out of light
Streetlight shining bright
Scared of stepping out of the light
Blinded by the lights are blinding
Step in time, step in time
Capacitor was right, Im not satisfiiied
I need to step out from under the light
But I'm scared of the dark
Capacitors and inductors take it slow, but I've got to go
Got to do homework and find Astro
A million things to do to get done run run run
Time ticking fast, the day has almost past
Like a bullet train cant stay in one place, cant stay the same
I wish time broke down, then I could take a look around
See what there is to see, Enjoy the scenery
But I'm a bullet train, cant stay in one place, cant stay the same
Worrying about the future while stuck in the past
forgetting this moment wont last
Running in circles thinking I'm going fast
But moments only happen one at a time, one at a time
So i've got to step in time step in time
Step out from under the light
But I'm scared of the dark
I wish I could wait
But I'm already behind and running late
A million things to do to get done run run run
Time ticking fast, the day has almost past
Got to do homework and find Astro
I want to go fast but I have no idea where to go
Wasting time going slow
Stuck in a rut
Wait is that a shortcut
Stepping out from under the light
Instead of darkness, the stars shine bright
Making fear disappear from the night
Smiling at me leading the way
After all I'll be okayyy
I thought time management was important
But it turns out
Managing energy efficientlyyyy
Is the keyyy
I've been racing through these streets
So focused on the bus lights
I forgot to look arouuuund
and seeeee
A little love and joy in every moment
A little magic in the air
Ghosts, witches and knights flying kites right there
How the lights in the windows form constellations
like the stars high above
Look there's a bat flying with a dove
If I take a break I can run further and faster
Much much further and faster than if I tried to keep going
So i've got to take a brake knowing
I wont fall behind or ruuun late
just you wait
There really is wonder all around
Do you hear that sound
Cosmo you are found!
I'm glad your back, elfy over here
has been nothing but tyranny and fear
He has'nt found
Big magic in the mundane
The big picture in a small frame
A little love and joy in every moment
A little magic in the air
Time is precious, limited and rare
But if it was infinite it would loose its meaning because no one would care
So, I hope you never lose your wonder
Every year your growing younger
And no matter where you gooo
Dont forgot to look arouuuund
For that shortcut waiting to be fouuund
Not on my watch
It's mine now
It was mine all along
Now please excuse me but I've got to end this sooong
because i'm very busy
and out of tiiime
because you see
I've still got homework to do
Your not wasting time are'nt you?
Astro teleport me back
Roger that

11PM! (23 o'clock)

It might be late, but now I have lots of ideas
That's great, no time to waste then, grab a pen
Optimization looks for the best pay off
But it's also a trade off
So, lets look at what it's made off
Sundials have great accuracy and need no battery
But they only work locally
This was not a problem until travel was extended
to the train which covered more terrain
So time zones were invented
But this only worked because of the invention of mechanical clocks
Over time, time was optimized for constant time blocks
Constancy, periodicity, symmetry are great for efficiency
So what are you optimizing for?
Some calendars are optimized for harvest of crop
Others use the moon as a clock
All optimize for practicality, simplicity
And most importantly, accuracy
Combining lunar and solar is a trade off
Practicality is improved but simplicity is the cost
The Gregorian calendar also had a trade off
It highly improved accuracy but simplicity was the cost
So what are you optimizing for?
We talk of optimizing efficiency for productivity
Constancy, consistency, efficiency, productivity
But creativity is messy
It drifts and turns and is full of inefficiency
New inventions are worse in there infancy
than the already existing technology
Mechanical clocks, now optimized for constant time blocks
Once had accuracy far from satisfactory
They were way too sensitive to salt and rain
and they were hard to maintain
On top of that they took up lots of space
until the navigation race
made them tick gracefully, constantly, periodically
Over the years they where refined
until there accuracy became the mastermind
behind the computer and all other modern technology
Which relies on exact time heavily
So what are you optimizing for?
Efficiency is key
Constancy, efficiency, productivity
It's all about optimizing velocity
Slowly racing around the corner?
Your getting warmer
Velocity is space over time
So need to optimize both not just one
They need to work together and rhyme
You can organize a space for efficiency
Everything is neat and tidy but creativity is messy
Velocity is a trade off
See more in more time or
See less but arrive at the address with time in excess
It's all about optimizing velocity
that means sometimes you go fast, fast, faster
and other times you go slow and admire the wind blow
slowly race around the corner
so what are you optimizing for?
We optimize for time hoping we will shine
if we make it by the deadline
So we race and race
and accidentally move the goal post in space
its good but only almost
There goes the goal post
So we move the goal post again
and then we move it again and again
Forgetting to adjust the deadline or admitting its actually just fine
Maybe this phenomenon is the answer, the 4leafed clover
to the debate of quantum theory and relativity
Work without boundaries is never quite over
So instead optimize for energy
What are you optimizing for?
I want to optimize for happiness and freedom
I want to spread my wings and fly like a butterfly
Sometimes that means I've got to fight and work hard against the wind
And other times, it means letting loose and just having fun in the sun
Without an eye on the clock, without regret of wasting time
If your stuck in the past worrying about the future
you cant find the present, that your looking fooor
What are you optimizing for?
Time can be waisted by roasting in the sun
but it can also be waisted by fighting in wain
and that really would be a shame
Time is your friend so whatever you do,
be kind to it and it will be kind to you
So, what are you optimizing for?
Done, reread, spellcheck submit
we did it!
Now we can drink hot chocolate and go to bed
or maybe watch the stars a bit instead
Exactly
The stars shine so gracefully
Standing at my window under the stars
I admire the hours, blooming like flowers
one more precious then the next as the time goes by
(Midnight!)
Good night